Five rules for managing the salary cap (and not paying Rashard the max)
By Chad Ford (Insider Free article)
http://insider.espn.go.com/nba/insi.../columns/story?columnist=ford_chad&id=2934997
They are popping the champagne corks in Orlando this week, celebrating the signing of
Rashard Lewis to a six-year, $113 million deal.
Associated Press
Will Otis Smith, Rashard Lewis and Stan Van Gundy be this happy a few years from now?
Congratulations, Orlando. Good luck with that.
History doesn't look kindly on this type of contract. The NBA salary cap can be brutally unforgiving. Manage it well, as the
Detroit Pistons and
San Antonio Spurs have done over the last five years, and your team has a shot to remain relevant and competitive year after year. Mismanage it, as teams like the
New York Knicks,
Los Angeles Lakers,
Houston Rockets and
Minnesota Timberwolves have done, and you have painted your team into a corner.
While owners obsess over finding GMs who have a great eye for talent, in the NBA, that's only half the equation. Front-line talent does win championships. But if you can't manage the cap in a way that gives a team a chance to add the right players to your star or stars, talent will take you only so far.
We've seen evidence of that in the past few weeks with
Kobe Bryant demanding a trade and
Kevin Garnett's agent looking for greener pastures for his client. No one doubts that Bryant and Garnett have been two of the 10 best talents in the league over the past decade. But because of bad trades and poor cap management, their teams have been unable to put the right players around them.
Here are the five rules every GM in the league should follow. As you can tell, most do not. In fact, a handful don't even understand them. And when it comes to the Lewis signing, I believe Orlando GM Otis Smith violated every single rule.
1. Don't bid against yourself.
In other words, don't pay a player more than you have to.
This rule seems obvious, but it's often violated.
In perhaps the most infamous case, the Knicks gave
Allan Houston a six-year, $100 million contract even though the competition could offer him only a five-year, $56 million deal. The Houston contract ended up as a disaster for the Knicks.
There are a couple of reasons that the rule gets violated.
First, some GMs simply misread the market. They often panic, believing that if they don't offer a certain amount, another team will. Agents work overtime to fuel the perception of the rising market value of their clients.
In many cases, the battle between agent and general manager is not a fair fight. On one side you have the agent, a professional negotiator who spends all year thinking about how to drive up the player's price. On the other side you have GMs, many of whom are former players who have seldom handled negotiations. They usually had agents for that.
A second main reason is loyalty. Sometimes teams "reward" their own free agents for years of loyal service. The Pistons did that with
Chauncey Billups this summer. On the open market, Billups wouldn't have received as much money as the Pistons are giving him. But they felt like he was a key fixture in the franchise and they needed to "make him happy." And, it's worth noting, Billups' contract is far smaller than Lewis'.
Overpaying based on loyalty is usually a bad idea, but it's understandable. There's a human element in every negotiation, and it's tough to tell a player that you value that you're going to lowball him because the market stinks in a given year.
So what about Rashard Lewis? Why did the Magic give him $113 million?
Was there a team out there that would have matched such an offer? No, not even close.
Getty Images
Lewis is an offensive force, but max player might be stretching it.
His previous team, the
Seattle SuperSonics,
could have given him a similar amount, but their offer was for far less.
The other team with enough salary cap room to offer Lewis a similar contract, the Bobcats, didn't want to spend anything close to that on Lewis. Other teams, including the Rockets, were interested in a sign-and-trade deal, but as a number of teams learned in the past week, the Sonics didn't want to take back any long-term salaries as part of a sign-and-trade. That eliminated virtually everyone else.
Not only did the Magic offer Lewis far more than any other team was willing to pay, but they also added an unnecessary sixth year to the deal. Without a sign-and-trade deal between Seattle and Orlando, which the Magic didn't need to do, Lewis was eligible by NBA rules to sign with the Magic for only five years.
The sixth year is worth $22.7 million, if paid in full. While only $10 million of it is currently guaranteed, a league source revealed that the remainder will be guaranteed if certain performance incentives are met. According to this source, it boils down to this: if Lewis remains healthy, he'll get the money.
The Magic could have secured Lewis with a five-year, $60 million deal. Of course, Lewis' agent and the Magic won't admit that, but that's what the market tells us -- along with a number of GMs and agents.
So when the Magic broke the first rule and "bid against themselves," the price was an extra $53 million.
2. Give the max to franchise players only.
More GMs are getting clued into this one, but it still gets violated with shocking regularity.
If you're going to give a player a maximum-salary contract, he had better be a franchise player. Pay a lesser player that much money and he becomes a millstone around the team's neck.
So who qualifies as a franchise player? I think the list is pretty small actually.
Here are the players who deserve it:
Tim Duncan,
Dirk Nowitzki,
Steve Nash (the only guy on the list who doesn't have a max contract),
LeBron James, Kobe Bryant,
Dwyane Wade, Kevin Garnett and
Yao Ming. You might consider a max deal for these players as well:
Chris Bosh,
Gilbert Arenas,
Amare Stoudemire and
Carmelo Anthony -- and for
Dwight Howard, who signed a max extension on Thursday.
We can grandfather in a few other players who have shown they were max players in the past --
Shaquille O'Neal,
Allen Iverson,
Tracy McGrady and
Jason Kidd -- though now those contracts seem pretty burdensome.
But here are some others players with max contracts:
Zach Randolph,
Andrei Kirilenko,
Paul Pierce,
Pau Gasol,
Ray Allen,
Joe Johnson,
Antawn Jamison,
Stephon Marbury and
Steve Francis.
While some of these are very good players, they are not the kind of franchise players that deserve max dollars. What might have seemed like a good deal becomes a nightmare when you realize they can't carry your team. And those contracts make it very difficult to trade them away and get back similar talent.
We had two great examples of that on draft night. The Sonics received only the No. 5 pick, a role player and
Wally Szczerbiak's bad contract from the Celtics for Ray Allen. The Blazers sent Zach Randolph to the Knicks and had to swallow a $30 million buyout of Steve Francis' deal to make it happen.
Lewis just received a max deal, or very close -- as close as the Magic could offer. So is Lewis a max player?
Some questions: Was he the best player on his team? (No.) Was his team good? (No.) Is he the best player on his new team? (No.) Do we really need to ask any more questions?
Gregory Bull/AP Photo
Knicks owner James Dolan knows all too well the pain of luxury tax.